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Nootropic Moderate risk

Noopept

N-phenylacetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester, Omberacetam, GVS-111 · Evidence-based safety and harm-reduction overview.

Not medical advice. Noopept is discussed here for informational and harm-reduction purposes only. We do not endorse use, and any dosing context is informational, not a protocol.
Also known asN-phenylacetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester, Omberacetam, GVS-111
CategoryNootropic
year_developed1990s
originRussian research
potency_relative_to_piracetam1000+ times more potent by weight
chemical_classPeptide derivative, not a traditional racetam
US legal statusNoopept is not FDA-approved as a drug in the United States and is not a lawful dietary supplement ingredient; the FDA has acted against products marketing it. It is generally sold in a gray market labeled as a research chemical not for human consumption. It is a prescription medicine in some countries such as Russia.
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What is Noopept?

Noopept is a synthetic peptide-derived compound that is structurally related to but distinct from the racetams. It is often grouped with racetams and is reported to be active at lower amounts by weight than piracetam. The compound combines a prolyl-glycine dipeptide with a phenylacetyl moiety and an ethyl ester.

How it works

Noopept is thought to work through multiple mechanisms, including potential upregulation of nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in animal models, though evidence in humans is lacking. It may also influence glutamatergic signaling and receptor expression. Some research suggests neuroprotective effects against excitotoxicity, but mechanistic studies in humans are absent.

Background & history

Noopept (also called Omberacetam or GVS-111) was developed in Russia and has been studied primarily in Russian and some Eastern European research centers. It was marketed as a cognitive enhancer and has been used in clinical research for various neurological conditions. The compound represents a structural departure from traditional racetams, being peptide-derived.

What the research says

Some studies, largely from a single region, report effects of noopept on cognition and on biomarkers such as nerve growth factor in laboratory and clinical settings. Independent human evidence is limited, and the quality and reproducibility of available trials are uncertain. Recent rigorous studies from independent groups are scarce.

Reported effects

Dosing & administration (informational)

In clinical studies, noopept has been administered at oral doses typically ranging from 10 to 30 milligrams daily, often divided across two or three doses. Trial durations have ranged from weeks to several months. It is notably more potent by weight than piracetam, requiring much smaller absolute amounts.

This is general research/context information, not medical advice or a recommended protocol.

Safety & side effects

Drug & supplement interactions

Who should avoid it

How it is commonly combined

Noopept has been examined in combination with other compounds in research settings, but modern independent evidence for safe or beneficial combinations is absent. Any stacking would be highly experimental and informational only.

Quality & harm reduction

Lab testing & harm-reduction tools

If you are going to research a compound, verifying identity and purity is the single most protective step. Independent analytical testing and sterile-handling supplies reduce risk.

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Frequently asked questions

Is noopept a racetam?

It is structurally related to racetams and is often grouped with them, but it is a distinct peptide-derived compound. Like the racetams, it is not FDA-approved or a lawful US supplement.

What amount should I take?

We do not provide dosing guidance. Because it is potent by weight, the risk of mismeasurement is real, and any use should be discussed with a clinician.

Is there strong human evidence?

No. Much of the research comes from one region and is limited, and independent, high-quality human trials are scarce.

Why is noopept so much more potent than piracetam?

Noopept is structurally distinct and has different receptor interactions. It is active at milligrams rather than grams, making it significantly more potent by weight.

Does noopept increase nerve growth factor in humans?

Some animal studies suggest NGF upregulation, but this has not been demonstrated convincingly in human studies, and the functional significance remains unclear.

References & further reading

  1. PubMed: noopept nerve growth factor cognitive effects
  2. PubMed: noopept clinical trials Russia
  3. PubMed: GVS-111 neuroprotection mechanisms

Medical & legal disclaimer. This site is for informational and harm-reduction purposes only. It is not medical advice and is not a substitute for a licensed healthcare professional. The compounds discussed are largely not approved by the FDA for human use and many are sold strictly as research chemicals 'not for human consumption.' Nothing here is an endorsement to purchase, possess, or use any substance. Laws vary by jurisdiction. Always consult a qualified physician and follow the law where you live.

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